Scientific Notation Calculator

Converter: Type any number (very large, very small, or standard). You can use standard decimal notation like 0.0000543, or already enter numbers in scientific notation like 5.43e-5. The calculator shows scientific notation, engineering notation, the coefficient and exponent separately, and the expanded decimal form.

Arithmetic: Enter two numbers in either notation, select an operation, and see the result in scientific notation and standard decimal. This is useful for multiplying or dividing numbers like Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³) by Boltzmann's constant (1.38 × 10⁻²³).

Scientific notation: a × 10^b
Where 1 ≤ |a| < 10 and b is an integer.

Examples:
  5,430,000  = 5.43 × 10⁶
  0.0000543  = 5.43 × 10⁻⁵
  -0.00217   = -2.17 × 10⁻³

Engineering notation: same, but exponent is always a multiple of 3.
  5,430,000  = 5.43 × 10⁶ (same here)
  0.0000543  = 54.3 × 10⁻⁶ (microunits)

Arithmetic rules:
  Multiplication: (a × 10^m) × (b × 10^n) = (a×b) × 10^(m+n)
    Example: (3 × 10⁴) × (2 × 10³) = 6 × 10⁷

  Division: (a × 10^m) / (b × 10^n) = (a/b) × 10^(m-n)
    Example: (6 × 10⁶) / (2 × 10²) = 3 × 10⁴

  Addition/Subtraction: align exponents first, then add coefficients
    Example: (3 × 10⁴) + (2 × 10³) = 3×10⁴ + 0.2×10⁴ = 3.2 × 10⁴